Joachim Jeremias

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"Where does one look for information on the population of Jerusalem in the time of Jesus? What were the status and condition of slaves both Jewish and Gentile in the first century of the Christian ear? Exactly who were the 'cheif priests' referred to so often in the Gospels and Acts? Answers to these and to hundreds of similar questions related to social and economic conditions during the New Testament period are provivded in this encyclopedic volume by Jeachim Jeremias."

– Bruce Metzger, Princeton Theological Seminary

"For historical information which is never dead, for the background on the social milieu of Jesus and the early church ... this work is a gift."

—Interpretation

PART ONE: ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE CITY OF JERUSALEM I. INDUSTRIES A. The industries of Jerusalem 1. Industries which served the general public A. Goods for domestic use B. Food trades C. Luxury goods D. The building trade i. Building activity ii. The building workers: (a) Ordinary building; (b) Skilled craftsmanship in building; (c) Building maintenance E. Other trades 2. Guilds within individual industries A. The layout of the city B. The distribution of industries in the city C. The organization of the trades 3. Industries connected with the Temple A. The buildings B. The cultus C. Organization of Temple workers B. The individuality of Jerusalem 1 The position of the city 2. The political and religious significance of the city II. COMMERCE A. Evidence of commerce in Jerusalem 1. In general 2. Foreign trade 3. Local trade A. Grain B. Fruit and vegetables C. Livestock D. Raw materials B. The influence of Jerusalem on commerce 1. The city's geographical position 2. Political and religious importance of the city III. FOREIGN VISITORS A. Evidence for foreign visitors in the city 1. In general A. The journey to Jerusalem B. Accommodation in Jerusalem 2. Visitors from a distance A. Gaul, etc. B. Rome C. Greece D. Cyprus E. Asia Minor F. Mesopotamia G. Parthia H. Syria I. Arabia J. Egypt K. Cyrene L. Ethiopia 3. Visitors from within Palestine B. The unique character of Jerusalem 1. The city's geographical position 2. Political and religious importance of the city Excursus The number of pilgrims at Passover Additional Note on calculating the number of festival pilgrims PART TWO: ECONOMIC STATUS IV THE RICH A. The court B. The wealthy class 1. Extravagance 2. Representatives of the wealthy class V THE MIDDLE CLASS VI THE POOR A. Slaves and day laborers B. The subsidized sections of the population VII. DECISIVE FACTORS IN DETERMINING THE ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE PEOPLE OF JERUSALEM A. Economic and geographic situation of the city 1. The cost of living in normal times 2. The cost of living in times of emergency B. The political situation 1. Taxation 2. War and spoliation C. Religion and cultus 1. Acts of charity 2. Pilgrim traffic 3. Income from the Cultus Excursus I The historicity of Matthew 27.7 Excursus II Disasters in Jerusalem PART THREE: SOCIAL STATUS VIII THE CLERGY A. The high priest B. The chief priests and chief Levites C. The priestly aristocracy Excursus The chronology of Maccabees D. The 'ordinary' priests E. The Levites F. The hereditary character of the priesthood IX THE LAY NOBILITY X THE SCRIBES XI THE PHARISEES PART FOUR: THE MAINTENANCE OF RACIAL PURITY XII THE STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL COMMUNITY XIII ISRAELITES OF PURE ANCESTRY A. Legitimacy of ancestry B. Historical value of lay genealogies C. Civil rights of full Israelites XIV DESPISED TRADES AND JEWISH SLAVES A. Despised trades B. Jewish slaves XV ILLEGITIMATE ISRAELITES A. Israelites with slight blemish 1. Illegitimate descendants of priests 2. Proselytes 3. Freed Gentile slaves B. Israelites with grave blemish 1. Bastards 2. Temple slaves, fatherless, foundlings, eunuchs XVI GENTILE SLAVES XVII THE SAMARITANS XVIII THE SOCIAL POSITION OF WOMEN List of High Priests Jerusalem Scribes Index of Names and Subjects Index of References Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha Qumran Writings The Mishnah The Tosephta The Babylonian Talmud The Jerusalem Talmud The Extra-canonical Tractates Midrash Rabbah Josephus Philo

Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths