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After Paul Left Corinth : The Influence of Secular Ethics and Social Change
Bruce W. Winter

0802848982 Retail Price: $30.00
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Format: Paperback, 344pp.
ISBN: 9780802848987
Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
Pub. Date: January 2001

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Description

From The Publisher:

After Paul Left Corinth gathers for the first time all the relevant extant material from literary, nonliterary, and archaeological sources on what life was like in the first-century Roman colony of Corinth. Using this evidence, Bruce Winter not only opens a fascinating vista on day-to-day living in the Graeco-Roman world but, more importantly, helps us understand what happened to the Christian community after Paul left Corinth. As Winter shows, the origin of many of the problems Paul dealt with in 1 Corinthians can be traced to culturally determined responses to aspects of life in Corinth.

The significance of the role that culture played in the life of the Corinthian Christians has either been ignored or underestimated in explaining the reasons for their difficulties after Paul left. Winter first examines the extent to which Paul communicated alternative ways of behaving while he was in Corinth. Winter then explores the social changes that occurred in Corinth after Paul left. Severe grain shortages, the relocation of the Isthmian Games, the introduction of a new federal imperial cult, the withdrawal of kosher meat from the official market—all of these cultural events had a substantial impact on the life of the emerging Christian community.

Accentuated with photos of relevant archaeological artifacts, this volume provides a significant new perspective from which to read Paul’s Corinthian correspondence.



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Reviews

Winter describes his goal as follows: “to bring to life something of the first-century social and religious context of Corinth and help illuminate the text of 1 Corinthians for the reader” (p.xii). He meets his goal; pastors and students will find this immensely illuminating.
—Currents in Theology & Mission


A challenging survey of some links between 1 Corinthians and the Roman colony at Corinth. Winter’s study will be widely debated because of its fresh and frequently surprising insights. After Paul Left Corinth will appeal to students as well as specialists.
—Robert Jewett


 

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About the Author

Bruce Winter is Director of the Institute of Early Christianity in the Graeco-Roman World, Tyndale House in Cambridge, a Fellow of St. Edmund’s College, and a member of the Divinity Faculty at the University of Cambridge.



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Table of Contents

Introductionx
Platesxvii
1.The Enigma and Cultural Setting of 1 Corinthians1
I. Unresolved Issues for the Corinthian Church1
II. Secular Ethics and Social Change in Corinth4
III. The Cultural and Social Background of Corinth7
IV. 'So Whatever Happened after Paul Left Corinth?'25
PART ITHE INFLUENCE OF SECULAR ETHICS
2.Secular Discipleship and Christian Competitiveness (1 Cor 1-4)31
'Operating in a Secular Fashion'
I. The Secular Pupil/Teacher Relationship32
II. Professional Competitiveness among Teachers36
III. Pupils' Loyalty to Their Teachers38
IV. Secular Reverberations in 1 Corinthians40
3.Criminal Law and Christian Partiality (1 Cor 5)44
'Do You Not Judge Those Who Are Within?' (5:12)
I. Criminal Prosecutions44
II. Incest - Degrees of Seriousness45
III. The Guilty, the Father, and the Christian Community47
4.Civil Law and Christian Litigiousness (1 Cor 6:1-8)58
'Brother Goes to Court against Brother' (6:6)
I. Civil Litigation in Roman Society58
II. 'Unrighteous' Judges and Juries60
III. Enmity and Vexation Litigation64
IV. The 'Private' Arbitrator and Conflict Resolution67
V. Those 'of No Account' in the Church69
VI. Defrauding a 'Brother'70
VII. Shaming in Roman Culture71
5.Elitist Ethics and Christian Permissiveness (1 Cor 6:12-20; 10:23; 15:29-34)76
'All Things Are Permitted (for Me)' (6:12; 10:23)
I. The Soul, the Senses, and Elitist Ethics77
II. 'All Things Are Permitted for Me'81
III. Gluttony, Drunkenness, and Sexual Indulgence82
IV. Elitist Ethics and 1 Cor 6:12; 10:23; 15:29-3485
V. Conclusions105
APPENDIX: Roman Homosexual Activity and the Elite110
6.Veiled Men and Wives and Christian Contentiousness (1 Cor 11:2-16)121
'Obliged to Unveil...and Obliged to Veil' (11:7,10)
I. Men of Status Covering Their Heads121
II. 'New' Wives and the Sign of Marital Status123
III. The 'Public' Meeting and 'the Messengers'133
IV. Contentiousness in the Congregation138
7.'Private' Dinners and Christian Divisiveness (1 Cor 11:17-34)142
'When You Gather It Is Not to Eat the Lord's Dinner' (11:20)
I. Reconstructing the Debacle at the Lord's Dinner143
II. The Pauline Interpretation of the Words of Jesus153
III. The Lord's Dinner as a 'Private' Banquet154
APPENDIX: 'I Partly Believe It' or 'I Believe a Certain Report'? (11:18)159
8.Religious Curses and Christian Vindictiveness (1 Cor 12-14)164
'You Were Led Away to Dumb Idols' (12:2)
I. Pagan Religion and Cursing167
II. Christian Curses in the Post-apostolic Church170
III. Paganism and the Curse in 12:3a174
IV. Conclusions181
9.Secular Patronage and Christian Dominance (1 Cor 16:15-16)184
'The House of Stephanas...Set Themselves to Minister' (16:15)
I. The Private Patron in the Service Politeia186
II. Private Patrons in the Politics of the Church190
III. The Patron and Patroness in the Service of the Church195
IV. The Conversion of Patronage203
PART IITHE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL CHANGES
10.The Present Crisis and the Marriage Bed (1 Cor 7:1-5)175
'It is Good for a Man Not to Touch [His] Wife' (7:1)
I. 'The Present Distress' for Corinth and the Church216
II. Familia and Sexual Language225
III. Sexual Abstinence in Marriage226
APPENDIX: The Forward Referent of the Neuter Demonstrative Pronoun in 7:6-7233
11.The Present Crisis and the Consummation of Marriage (1 Cor 7:25-38)241
'He Who Marries...He Who Does Not Marry' (7:38)
I. Personal Dilemmas Aggravated by the Present Dislocation241
II. Eschatology and Youth's Expectations of This Life253
III. Christian Obligations for Singles and Marrieds263
12.The Imperial Cult, the Games, and Dining in a Temple (1 Cor 8-10:21)269
'Sitting at Meat in an Idol's Temple' (8:10)
I. The Federal Imperial Cult and the Games in Corinth271
II. The Corinthian Christians and the Imperial Cult278
III. Christians Dining in the Temple after Paul Left280
IV. The Christians, the Cult, and the Games283
13.Kosher Food and Idol Meat (1 Cor 10:25-28)287
'Eat Whatever Is Sold in the Marketplace' (10:25)
I. Official Food Concessions for Diaspora Jews288
II. The Corinthian Meat Market293
III. When Paul Was in Corinth295
IV. After Paul Left Corinth297
Bibliography302
Abbreviations322
Indexes325
List of Illustrations10
List of Illustrations10
List of Illustrations10


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